Avoca, PA Facts, Population, Income, Demographics, Economy

Population (total): Population in 2017: 2,630 (100% urban, 0% rural). >Population change since 2000: -7.8%

Population (male): 1,282

Population (female): 1,348

Median Age: 43.9 years

Poverty (breakdown): (8.1% for White Non-Hispanic residents, 40.0% for Hispanic or Latino residents, 24.2% for two or more races residents)

Elevation: 840 feet

Zip Codes: 18641

Median Incomes:
      Estimated median household income in 2017: $53,159 (it was $34,973 in 2000)
      Estimated per capita income in 2017: $27,435 (it was $17,896 in 2000)
      Estimated median house or condo value in 2017: $121,635 (it was $80,800 in 2000) Avoca:$121,635PA:$181,200

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Recognitions and Certifications

Accredited Drug Testing has been recognized as one of the "Top 10 drug testing companies" for excellent customer service and we have received TPA Accreditation from the National Drug and Alcohol Screening Association. We are active in all drug testing industry associations and our staff are trained and certified as drug and alcohol testing specialists.

Important Links

National Drug and Alcohol Screening Association (https://ndasa.com/)

National Drug Free Workplace Alliance (https://www.ndwa.org/)

Substance Abuse Program Administrators Association (https://www.sapaa.com/)

Substance Abuse Mental Health Safety Administration (https://www.samhsa.gov/)

US Drug Enforcement Administration (https://www.dea.gov/)

Office of Drug alcohol Policy Control (https://www.transportation.gov/odapc)

DNA Testing Avoca, PA

DNA Testing

DNA Testing Avoca, PA

Paternity Immigration Family Relationship

To Schedule A DNA Test At A Avoca, PA Location, Please Call (800)221-4291. The Process Is Fast, Easy & Confidential! Get The Answers You Need!

Accredited Drug Testing Inc (ADT) provides DNA testing at local testing centers in Avoca, PA and surrounding areas. Our Avoca, PA DNA Testing Centers use certified DNA collection specialists and Nationally Accredited AABB Laboratories for all DNA testing which will ensure the highest accuracy for DNA test results. DNA Testing Centers in the Avoca, PA area are located within minutes of your home or office.

21 COMMERCE CIR 0.4 miles

21 COMMERCE CIR
MOUNT POCONO, PA 18344
Categories: MOUNT POCONO PA

100 TERMINAL DR 0.6 miles

100 TERMINAL DR
AVOCA, PA 18641
Categories: AVOCA PA

1120 OAK ST 2.7 miles

1120 OAK ST
PITTSTON, PA 18640
Categories: PITTSTON PA

808 S MAIN ST 2.8 miles

808 S MAIN ST
TAYLOR, PA 18517
Categories: TAYLOR PA

648 N MAIN ST 4.4 miles

648 N MAIN ST
TAYLOR, PA 18517
Categories: TAYLOR PA

2232 PITTSTON AVE 4.4 miles

2232 PITTSTON AVE
SCRANTON, PA 18505
Categories: SCRANTON PA

521 MT PLEASANT DR, STE 202 6.4 miles

521 MT PLEASANT DR, STE 202
SCRANTON, PA 18503
Categories: SCRANTON PA

1822 MULBERRY ST 6.4 miles

1822 MULBERRY ST
SCRANTON, PA 18510
Categories: SCRANTON PA

575 N RIVER ST 6.9 miles

575 N RIVER ST
WILKES BARRE, PA 18764
Categories: WILKES BARRE PA

150 MUNDY ST Med Art Ctr IV 7.6 miles

150 MUNDY ST Med Art Ctr IV
WILKES BARRE, PA 18702
Categories: WILKES BARRE PA

1000 MEADE ST 7.7 miles

1000 MEADE ST
DUNMORE, PA 18512
Categories: DUNMORE PA

Greenridge Plaza, 1612 Nay Aug Avenue 7.7 miles

Greenridge Plaza, 1612 Nay Aug Avenue
Scranton, PA 18509
Categories: Scranton PA

190 WELLES ST 8.3 miles

190 WELLES ST
FORTY FORT, PA 18704
Categories: FORTY FORT PA

677 KIDDER ST STE D 8.5 miles

677 KIDDER ST STE D
WILKES BARRE, PA 18702
Categories: WILKES BARRE PA

150 MUNDY ST 8.9 miles

150 MUNDY ST
WILKES BARRE, PA 18702
Categories: WILKES BARRE PA

675 WYOMING AVE 8.9 miles

675 WYOMING AVE
KINGSTON, PA 18704
Categories: KINGSTON PA

1208 ONEILL HWY 8.9 miles

1208 ONEILL HWY
DUNMORE, PA 18512
Categories: DUNMORE PA

3 W OLIVE ST URGENT CARE PLUS 9.0 miles

3 W OLIVE ST URGENT CARE PLUS
SCRANTON, PA 18508
Categories: SCRANTON PA

268 HIGHLAND PARK BLVD 9.2 miles

268 HIGHLAND PARK BLVD
WILKES BARRE, PA 18702
Categories: WILKES BARRE PA

235 MAIN ST 9.4 miles

235 MAIN ST
DICKSON CITY, PA 18519
Categories: DICKSON CITY PA

PO BOX AX 9.7 miles

PO BOX AX
WILKES-BARRE, PA 18703
Categories: WILKES-BARRE PA

Bill's Plaza 9.7 miles

Bill's Plaza
Daleville, PA 18444
Categories: Daleville PA

276 W SIDE MALL 10.0 miles

276 W SIDE MALL
EDWARDSVILLE, PA 18704
Categories: EDWARDSVILLE PA

551 S STATE ST 10.8 miles

551 S STATE ST
CLARKS SUMMIT, PA 18411
Categories: CLARKS SUMMIT PA

222 CAREY AVE 11.0 miles

222 CAREY AVE
WILKES BARRE, PA 18702
Categories: WILKES BARRE PA

166 HANOVER ST STE 201 11.2 miles

166 HANOVER ST STE 201
WILKES BARRE, PA 18702
Categories: WILKES BARRE PA

921 DRINKER TURNPIKE, STE 6 11.8 miles

921 DRINKER TURNPIKE, STE 6
COVINGTON TWP, PA 18444
Categories: COVINGTON TWP PA

16 KENNEDY DR 14.2 miles

16 KENNEDY DR
ARCHBALD, PA 18403
Categories: ARCHBALD PA

358 HAMLIN HWY, BLDG 2 16.8 miles

358 HAMLIN HWY, BLDG 2
HAMLIN, PA 18427
Categories: HAMLIN PA

512 TOWNE PLZ STE 124 17.0 miles

512 TOWNE PLZ STE 124
TUNKHANNOCK, PA 18657
Categories: TUNKHANNOCK PA

5950 SR 6 17.0 miles

5950 SR 6
TUNKHANNOCK, PA 18657
Categories: TUNKHANNOCK PA

221 W TIOGA ST 18.0 miles

221 W TIOGA ST
TUNKHANNOCK, PA 18657
Categories: TUNKHANNOCK PA

1187 POCONO BLVD, STE 103 24.2 miles

1187 POCONO BLVD, STE 103
MOUNT POCONO, PA 18344
Categories: MOUNT POCONO PA

100 COMMUNITY DR STE 102 27.3 miles

100 COMMUNITY DR STE 102
TOBYHANNA, PA 18466
Categories: TOBYHANNA PA

1324 N CHURCH ST STE 2 27.7 miles

1324 N CHURCH ST STE 2
HAZLE TOWNSHIP, PA 18202
Categories: HAZLE TOWNSHIP PA

1097B N CHURCH ST 28.1 miles

1097B N CHURCH ST
HAZLETON, PA 18202
Categories: HAZLETON PA

1497 Upper Swiftwater Rd 28.1 miles

1497 Upper Swiftwater Rd
Cresco, PA 18326
Categories: Cresco PA

50 MOISEY DR STE 208 28.2 miles

50 MOISEY DR STE 208
HAZLE TOWNSHIP, PA 18202
Categories: HAZLE TOWNSHIP PA

1000 ALLIANCE DR 28.3 miles

1000 ALLIANCE DR
HAZLETON, PA 18202
Categories: HAZLETON PA

271 N CEDAR ST 28.9 miles

271 N CEDAR ST
HAZLETON, PA 18201
Categories: HAZLETON PA

20 N Laurel St, 29.3 miles

20 N Laurel St,
Hazleton, PA 18201
Categories: Hazleton PA

700 E BROAD ST 29.3 miles

700 E BROAD ST
HAZLETON, PA 18201
Categories: HAZLETON PA

101 S CHURCH ST 29.5 miles

101 S CHURCH ST
HAZLETON, PA 18201
Categories: HAZLETON PA

1749 E BROAD ST 29.7 miles

1749 E BROAD ST
HAZELTON, PA 18201
Categories: HAZELTON PA

1325 N MAIN ST 29.9 miles

1325 N MAIN ST
HONESDALE, PA 18431
Categories: HONESDALE PA

601 PARK ST 30.1 miles

601 PARK ST
HONESDALE, PA 18431
Categories: HONESDALE PA

103 SPRUCE ST STE 201 31.4 miles

103 SPRUCE ST STE 201
HAWLEY, PA 18428
Categories: HAWLEY PA

701 E 16TH ST 31.6 miles

701 E 16TH ST
BERWICK, PA 18603
Categories: BERWICK PA

1104 NORTH ST 31.7 miles

1104 NORTH ST
JIM THORPE, PA 18229
Categories: JIM THORPE PA

3180 ROUTE 611, STE 13 32.0 miles

3180 ROUTE 611, STE 13
BARTONSVILLE, PA 18321
Categories: BARTONSVILLE PA

301 W 3RD ST 32.6 miles

301 W 3RD ST
BERWICK, PA 18603
Categories: BERWICK PA

292 Frantz Rd Ste 102 33.7 miles

292 Frantz Rd Ste 102
Stroudsburg, PA 18360
Categories: Stroudsburg PA

1636 ROUTE 209, 111 33.9 miles

1636 ROUTE 209, 111
BRODHEADSVILLE, PA 18322
Categories: BRODHEADSVILLE PA

2069 Route 209, Lower Level 33.9 miles

2069 Route 209, Lower Level
Brodheadsville, PA 18322
Categories: Brodheadsville PA

239 N 1st St 34.8 miles

239 N 1st St
Lehighton, PA 18235
Categories: Lehighton PA

300 STROUD BUILDING Route 611 34.9 miles

300 STROUD BUILDING Route 611
STROUDSBURG, PA 18360
Categories: STROUDSBURG PA

211 N 12TH ST 35.1 miles

211 N 12TH ST
LEHIGHTON, PA 18235
Categories: LEHIGHTON PA

511 VNA Rd 35.8 miles

511 VNA Rd
East Stroudsburg, PA 18301
Categories: East Stroudsburg PA

314 Lincoln Avenue, Pocono Plaza 36.6 miles

314 Lincoln Avenue, Pocono Plaza
East Stroudsburg, PA 18301
Categories: East Stroudsburg PA

586 Main St Ste 9 37.5 miles

586 Main St Ste 9
Stroudsburg, PA 18360
Categories: Stroudsburg PA

135 LAFAYETTE AVE 37.7 miles

135 LAFAYETTE AVE
PALMERTON, PA 18071
Categories: PALMERTON PA

231 CLAREMONT AVE 37.7 miles

231 CLAREMONT AVE
TAMAQUA, PA 18252
Categories: TAMAQUA PA

100 EAGLESMERE CIR 200C 38.2 miles

100 EAGLESMERE CIR 200C
EAST STROUDSBURG, PA 18301
Categories: EAST STROUDSBURG PA

Route 6 Farm & Home Plaza 38.3 miles

Route 6 Farm & Home Plaza
Wyalusing, PA 18853
Categories: Wyalusing PA

34 S RAILROAD ST 39.4 miles

34 S RAILROAD ST
TAMAQUA, PA 18252
Categories: TAMAQUA PA

102 E MAIN ST PO BOX 417 41.2 miles

102 E MAIN ST PO BOX 417
DUSHORE, PA 18614
Categories: DUSHORE PA

487 E MOORESTOWN RD STE 103 41.8 miles

487 E MOORESTOWN RD STE 103
WIND GAP, PA 18091
Categories: WIND GAP PA

1411 JACOBSBURG RD 42.1 miles

1411 JACOBSBURG RD
WIND GAP, PA 18091
Categories: WIND GAP PA

418 Blue Valley Drive, Route 512 42.8 miles

418 Blue Valley Drive, Route 512
Bangor, PA 18013
Categories: Bangor PA

1103 OLD BERWICK RD 43.0 miles

1103 OLD BERWICK RD
BLOOMSBURG, PA 17815
Categories: BLOOMSBURG PA

549 FAIR ST 43.6 miles

549 FAIR ST
BLOOMSBURG, PA 17815
Categories: BLOOMSBURG PA

410 GLENN AVE ste 2 43.6 miles

410 GLENN AVE ste 2
BLOOMSBURG, PA 17815
Categories: BLOOMSBURG PA

6 BUCKHORN RD 45.3 miles

6 BUCKHORN RD
BLOOMSBURG, PA 17815
Categories: BLOOMSBURG PA

2244 MILLVIEW MOUNTAIN RD 46.2 miles

2244 MILLVIEW MOUNTAIN RD
FORKSVILLE, PA 18616
Categories: FORKSVILLE PA

25 South Broad Street, Suite 102 47.0 miles

25 South Broad Street, Suite 102
Nazareth, PA 18064
Categories: Nazareth PA

530 Montour Blvd 47.3 miles

530 Montour Blvd
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
Categories: Bloomsburg PA

91 HOSPITAL DR 47.8 miles

91 HOSPITAL DR
TOWANDA, PA 18848
Categories: TOWANDA PA

7 COLONIAL DR 48.1 miles

7 COLONIAL DR
TOWANDA, PA 18848
Categories: TOWANDA PA

1500 UHLER RD 48.6 miles

1500 UHLER RD
EASTON, PA 18040
Categories: EASTON PA

111 E CATHERINE ST STE 230 48.7 miles

111 E CATHERINE ST STE 230
MILFORD, PA 18337
Categories: MILFORD PA

111 E CATHERINE ST STE 110 48.7 miles

111 E CATHERINE ST STE 110
MILFORD, PA 18337
Categories: MILFORD PA

111 E CATHERINE ST 48.7 miles

111 E CATHERINE ST
MILFORD, PA 18337
Categories: MILFORD PA

20-24 S WASHINGTON ST 49.1 miles

20-24 S WASHINGTON ST
BINGHAMTON, NY 13903
Categories: BINGHAMTON NY

FASHION DR 49.2 miles

FASHION DR
ALLENTOWN, PA 18109
Categories: ALLENTOWN PA

526 WATER ST 49.4 miles

526 WATER ST
BELVIDERE, NJ 7823
Categories: BELVIDERE NJ

153 BRODHEAD RD 49.6 miles

153 BRODHEAD RD
BETHLEHEM, PA 18017
Categories: BETHLEHEM PA

3601 Nazareth Rd, 49.8 miles

3601 Nazareth Rd,
Easton, PA 18045
Categories: Easton PA

2310 HIGHLAND AVE 50.0 miles

2310 HIGHLAND AVE
BETHLEHEM, PA 18020
Categories: BETHLEHEM PA

2300 HIGHLAND AVE 50.0 miles

2300 HIGHLAND AVE
BETHLEHEM, PA 18020
Categories: BETHLEHEM PA

73 COAL ST 50.0 miles

73 COAL ST
PORT CARBON, PA 17965
Categories: PORT CARBON PA

Accredited Drug Testing takes the stress, out of a stressful situation!

Important Information (Beware)

Some companies offering DNA Testing may sell cheap / INEXPENSIVE, in-home or laboratory DNA kits. Please be aware that these types of DNA testing products cannot be used in a court proceeding FOR paternity, immigration or family relationship determinations.

Accredited Drug Testing only utilizes certified DNA collection specialists at our Avoca, PA DNA Testing Centers and AABB certified laboratories for DNA Testing which the test results may be utilized in child custody, child support, paternity or any other legal proceeding.

Accredited Drug Testing provides DNA testing in all cities nationwide and in the event the parties for the DNA test are located in different cities, Accredited Drug Testing will coordinate and schedule all of the DNA tests to ensure that all parties are accommodated in a convenient manner. As an example, if the mother and child are in one city, but the alleged father is in another, we will contact all parties to schedule the DNA test at a convenient location and time and report the results back to the authorized parties.

Legal or NON-Legal DNA Tests

When scheduling a DNA test regardless of the purpose, Accredited Drug Testing recommends always utilizing a legal DNA test procedure for current or future use. A legal DNA test has very specific Chain of Custody test procedures which ensures that the DNA test results can be used in a legal proceeding. A non-legal DNA test will provide the results, but cannot be used in any type of legal matter. When conducting a legal DNA test all parties must present a valid form of identification, photographs will be taken of all parties, legal guardian documentation and or birth certificates of any minor children may be required. These procedures for a legal DNA test ensure that should the DNA test results be used in a legal proceeding, the chain of custody is carefully followed and no challenge to the results can be successfully made, that's why it's always best to schedule a legal DNA test.

Accredited Drug Testing Recognized For DNA Expertise

Recently, Accredited Drug Testing and our company President and CEO, James A. Greer was consulted by the National Enquirer magazine regarding the JonBenet Ramsey murder case. Mr.Greer's comments were included in both the September 12th, 2016 edition and the January 2nd, 2017 edition of the National Enquirer.

Please note - Accredited Drug Testing, Inc. only utilizes American Association of Blood Bank (AABB) certified laboratories for DNA relationship testing. The AABB accreditation is the highest national standard applied to DNA testing laboratories.

Any DNA test which is conducted by a non- AABB laboratory will not be accepted in a court of law. Home kits and other types of non- AABB DNA testing, while inexpensive/cheap, are not reliable and will not be permitted in a legal proceeding.

Accredited Drug Testing Inc, applies the highest standard to the entire DNA testing process, from the DNA specimen collection, to the chain of custody, the laboratory analysis and the confidential results reporting.

To schedule a DNA Test or for more information including fees, Please call (800) 221-4291

For more information on AABB accreditation - Click Here

DNA testing can be used for the following purposes

  • Birth Certificate Modification
  • Child Support
  • Child Custody
  • Adoption
  • Wills/Insurance
  • Immigration

DNA Paternity Testing

A DNA test for paternity purposes determines the biological father of a child. Every human inherits specific DNA from both biological parents, half from the mother and half from the father. A DNA test examines a child's DNA pattern with that of an alleged father to determine if the child and the alleged father have the same DNA. Results of a properly administered DNA test utilizing an AABB accredited laboratory are 99.9% accurate. While DNA paternity testing may be stressful for some parties involved, Accredited Drug Testing is committed to making the entire DNA paternity testing experience, professional, convenient, confidential and Stress-Free.

When administering a DNA test to a child/minor, the legal guardian must be present and provide authorization for the DNA test to be conducted. The legal guardian can be the mother, father or other natural or court ordered person who has legal decision making authority over the minor child.

DNA Immigration Testing

DNA testing can be used for reasons relating to immigration and the biological relationship between a petitioner and affiliated individual. DNA immigration testing can be used for paternity tests, Maternity tests, sibling relationship and other purposes required by the U.S Department of State. Accredited Drug Testing will coordinate the entire process, including scheduling the DNA test for parties located in the United States and forward the DNA collection kit to the U.S Embassy located in a foreign country where the other party is located. Once the DNA collection has occurred at one of our testing centers in the U.S and at the U.S Embassy where the other parties are located, Accredited Drug Testing will ensure that all specimens are sent to the lab for DNA testing and provide the results once the AABB laboratory has analyzed the DNA test.

What is a DNA test?

A DNA test is a procedure to determine if exact biological characteristics exist in one person's DNA and those exact same DNA characteristics in another person's DNA makeup. As humans each of us contains different DNA makeup however, parents and children have the same DNA, siblings from the same parents have the same DNA and grandparents have the same DNA as grandchildren. A DNA test is a non-intrusive procedure usually utilizing an oral swab from all parties, which then follows a specific chain of custody process in which the oral swab specimens are sent to a certified and accredited AABB laboratory. The Laboratory that analyzes the DNA specimen and provides the results. DNA test results are 99.9% accurate.

How to schedule a DNA Test?

It's simple, contact Accredited Drug Testing at (800)221-4291, and provide various information including the city you wish to take the DNA test, who will be taking the DNA test, mother, child and alleged father. When the parties are available to take the DNA test (Accredited Drug Testing will schedule the appointment with each available party). Once the results are received from the AABB laboratory Accredited Drug Testing will forward the results by email and U.S Mail (Hard Copy) to all authorized parties.

How long does it take for DNA test results?

Once all parties have completed the DNA test collection, the specimens are immediately sent to the certified AABB laboratory and results are usually available within 3-5 business days.

On-Site/Mobile DNA Testing

We come to you!, Accredited Drug Testing can provide on-site/mobile DNA testing at your home, office, hospital or other location. (Additional on-site fees may apply)

More DNA Testing FAQ

What is paternity?

Paternity means fatherhood. Paternity is established when a paternity testing laboratory uses genetic testing methods / DNA test, to demonstrate to a legal standard, that an alleged father is the biological father. Paternity is disproved when these same methods and standards demonstrate that an alleged father is not the biological father.

What is DNA testing?

DNA testing refers to the process of examining an individual's DNA markers for the purpose of genetic human identification and for determining the relationship between two people.

How accurate is DNA-Based paternity testing?

The DNA profiling method is an extremely accurate genetic testing method. It can absolutely determine if the man is not the biological father and reliably exclude him. DNA profiling can establish that the alleged father is the child's biological father with a probability of paternity of 99.99% or higher. Each year many individual clients, child support offices, attorneys, judges, and physicians choose Genetic Profiles as their source for information, guidance and testing services in order to determine paternity.

Are the results admissible in court?

Yes. The laboratory follows a strict chain-of-custody procedure which allows for court/legal admissibility.

Is the Lab accredited? Are the results reliable?

The DNA testing laboratory used by Genetic Profiles is accredited by the American Association of Blood Banks(AABB)for the purpose of performing paternity (parentage) tests. Your paternity test will be processed by highly skilled and trained laboratory technicians. Every test is evaluated by a Ph.D. scientist with several years specializing in DNA genetic testing.

How long does it take to receive results from the paternity test?

It typically takes about 3-4 working days to complete the testing. In cases where the mother's sample is not included or when an abnormal/difficult sample is used, testing may require more time.

Are the paternity test results confidential?

Yes, The DNA test results are strictly confidential. They are released only to the adult persons who were tested and, as requested, to their authorized agents (e.g. attorneys).

How does DNA paternity testing work?

DNA analysis, which has proven to be a major advance in the field of paternity testing, involves the direct examination of the genetic material that a child inherited from its biological parents. DNA is located throughout the human body and in the same identical form. Thus, DNA in blood is the same as that in skin, cheek lining, muscle, bone, teeth and various other tissues. The DNA of a person is fully established at conception and remains totally constant throughout life. During the paternity testing process, the genetic characteristics of the child are first compared to those of its mother. Those characteristics in the child that cannot be found in the mother have been inherited from the biological father. If the tested man (alleged father) does not have the genetic characteristics necessary to be the biological father of the child, he is excluded. If the tested man's DNA does contain those genetic characteristics, then the probability that this man is the true biological father is calculated and reported by the laboratory.

What are some of the reasons DNA testing is conducted?

There are many legal and personal reasons that require DNA testing. Some of the more common include:

  • peace of mind
  • family medical concerns
  • child support
  • custody
  • adoption
  • citizenship/immigration
  • inheritance/benefits (social security, insurance, etc.)
  • crime scene analysis (forensic testing)

Can I do anything to alter the results of the test?

No, you can not alter the results of a test. Medication, drugs, alcohol, food, age or lifestyle cannot alter the DNA pattern within an individual.

Handy Resources

Comprehensive Online Resources for Drug Testing

  1. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

    Provides comprehensive information on drug testing and its role in substance use disorder treatment.

  2. FDA: Drug Testing

    Explains the FDA's role and regulations concerning drug testing for consumers.

  3. PDR.net

    Provides detailed drug information and safety updates through a mobile-friendly platform.

  4. BeSafeRx - FDA

    Resource by the FDA to help consumers identify and choose safe online pharmacies.

  5. SAMHSA: Drug Testing Resources for the Workplace

    Resources and guidelines for drug testing in the workplace.

  6. Drugs.com

    Provides drug information, side effects, and interactions for consumers and professionals.

  7. Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST)

    Online version of the DAST to help individuals assess whether they have a drug problem.

  8. Merck Manuals

    Consumer-friendly medical resource providing comprehensive information on a wide array of health topics, including drug testing.

  9. SAMHSA Store

    Provides access to resources and publications on substance use prevention and treatment.

  10. National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP)

    Information on state boards of pharmacy and regulations, including those related to drug testing.

  11. CDC: Workplace Health Promotion

    CDC's resources on substance use and drug testing in the workplace.

  12. Mayo Clinic: Drug Testing

    General information about the procedures and types of drug tests.

  13. MedlinePlus: Drug Testing

    Offers information about various drug tests and their uses in medical diagnosis and treatment.

  14. University of Rochester Medical Center Health Encyclopedia

    Provides a detailed entry on drug testing, including how tests are conducted and what they detect.

  15. World Health Organization (WHO)

    International guidelines and information on public health, including substance abuse and drug testing.

  16. Healthline: Drug Testing

    Consumer health site offering information on how drug tests work and what they look for.

  17. WebMD: Drug Testing

    Provides a patient-oriented overview of drug testing and its purposes.

  18. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

    Provides a vast database of scientific studies, including research on drug testing and its effectiveness.

AI Overview

DNA Testing

DNA testing, also known as genetic testing, involves examining an individual's DNA to identify genetic differences or mutations that may be indicative of certain conditions or diseases. It is a powerful tool used in a variety of contexts, from medical diagnostics and forensic analysis to genealogy and ancestry exploration.

Types of DNA Tests

  • Diagnostic Testing: Used to confirm or rule out a specific genetic disorder. It is often conducted when a particular condition is suspected based on physical symptoms.
  • Carrier Testing: This type of test is useful for individuals who may carry a gene for a genetic disorder. It is particularly important for couples considering starting a family.
  • Prenatal Testing: Performed during pregnancy to assess the health of a fetus. It can detect conditions like Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, or other genetic disorders.
  • Forensic Testing: Used in legal contexts to identify individuals in criminal cases or to settle disputes in paternity cases.
  • Ancestry Testing: Provides insights into one's ethnic background and genealogical roots. This test can help individuals understand their family history and origins.

Applications of DNA Testing

  1. Medical Diagnosis: Helps in diagnosing genetic diseases and conditions, allowing for targeted treatment plans.
  2. Paternity and Family Relationship Analysis: Determines biological relationships between individuals, often used in custody cases and inheritance claims.
  3. Personalized Medicine: Assists in selecting the most effective therapies based on an individual’s genetic profile.
  4. Crime Solving: Aids law enforcement in identifying suspects or victims using genetic evidence.

Advantages of DNA Testing

DNA testing provides several benefits:

  • Accurate Diagnosis: Enhances the accuracy of medical diagnoses and the efficacy of treatment strategies.
  • Early Detection: Facilitates the early detection of predispositions to diseases, potentially leading to preventative measures or early interventions.
  • Family Planning: Offers critical information for prospective parents concerning genetic disorders that could be passed on to offspring.

Limitations and Ethical Considerations

Despite its many applications, DNA testing raises important ethical and privacy concerns:

  • Privacy Concerns: Handling and protection of genetic data is critical as it contains sensitive information about an individual’s health and predisposition to diseases.
  • Potential for Discrimination: There is a risk of genetic discrimination by employers or insurers based on an individual’s genetic information.
  • Emotional Impact: The results from DNA testing can have significant emotional implications for individuals and families, particularly when revealing unexpected or distressing information.

In conclusion, while DNA testing offers profound insights into genetics and has transformative potential across various fields, it must be approached with caution, respecting ethical standards and privacy laws to safeguard individuals’ rights and well-being.

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Local Area Info: Avoca, Pennsylvania

Avoca is a borough within the Greater Pittston area of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located 7.5 miles (12.1 km) northeast of Wilkes Barre and 3.4 miles (5.5 km) southwest of Scranton. The population was 2,661 at the 2010 census. The Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport (AVP) is located near Avoca (in Pittston Township).

The community was incorporated as a borough in 1871. Its original name was “Pleasant Valley.” However, in 1887, it changed its name to “Avoca,” because the name "Pleasant Valley" was already used elsewhere in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It was named after Avoca, County Wicklow, in Ireland. The following year, on October 10, 1888, the borough suffered a major tragedy when dozens of its own residents were killed in a train wreck known as the Mud Run Disaster. It occurred at 8:02 p.m., when two trains collided in Kidder Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania. A majority of the 64 killed were from Avoca. The other casualties were from Scranton, Moosic and other neighboring communities.

From 1945 to 1947, the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport was constructed in and around Avoca. A small portion of the airport was built in Avoca, while most of it was constructed in the neighboring Pittston Township. Coal mining was the chief industry in the borough for many decades. However, after the 1959 Knox Mine Disaster, the mining industry in the region collapsed.

Show Regional Data

Population (total): Population in 2017: 2,630 (100% urban, 0% rural). >Population change since 2000: -7.8%

Population (male): 1,282

Population (female): 1,348

Median Age: 43.9 years

Poverty (breakdown): (8.1% for White Non-Hispanic residents, 40.0% for Hispanic or Latino residents, 24.2% for two or more races residents)

Elevation: 840 feet

Zip Codes: 18641

Median Incomes:
      Estimated median household income in 2017: $53,159 (it was $34,973 in 2000)
      Estimated per capita income in 2017: $27,435 (it was $17,896 in 2000)
      Estimated median house or condo value in 2017: $121,635 (it was $80,800 in 2000) Avoca:$121,635PA:$181,200

(800) 221-4291