Birmingham, AL Facts, Population, Income, Demographics, Economy

Population (total): Population in 2017: 210,710 (99% urban, 1% rural). >Population change since 2000: -13.2%

Population (female): 110,183

Median Rent: Median gross rent in 2017: $790.

Cost of Living: March 2019 cost of living index in Birmingham: 86.7 (less than average, U.S. average is 100)

Poverty (overall): Percentage of residents living in poverty in 2017: 25.4%

Sex Offenders: According to our research of Alabama and other state lists, there were 635 registered sex offenders living in Birmingham, Alabama as of January 18, 2021. The ratio of all residents to sex offenders in Birmingham is 335 to 1.>

Median Incomes:
      Estimated median household income in 2017: $33,553 (it was $26,735 in 2000)
      Estimated per capita income in 2017: $22,914 (it was $15,663 in 2000)
      Estimated median house or condo value in 2017: $87,800 (it was $62,200 in 2000) Birmingham:$87,800AL:$141,300

Races:
      Black alone - 153,116 - 72.2%
      White alone - 47,928 - 22.6%
      Hispanic - 7,598 - 3.6%
      Asian alone - 2,086 - 1.0%
      Two or more races - 1,993 - 0.9%
      American Indian alone - 316 - 0.1%
      Other race alone - 304 - 0.1%
      Native Hawaiian and Other
>Pacific Islander alone - 36 - 0.02%

From its founding through the end of the 1960s, Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the southern United States. Its rapid growth from 1881 through 1920 earned it the nicknames "The Magic City" and "The Pittsburgh of the South". Its major industries were iron and steel production. Major components of the railroad industry, rails and railroad cars, were manufactured in Birmingham. Since the 1860s, the two primary hubs of railroading in the "Deep South" have been Birmingham and Atlanta. The economy diversified in the latter half of the 20th century. Banking, telecommunications, transportation, electrical power transmission, medical care, college education, and insurance have become major economic activities. Birmingham ranks as one of the largest banking centers in the U.S. Also, it is among the most important business centers in the Southeast.

Goldribbon

Recognitions and Certifications

Accredited Drug Testing has been recognized as one of the "Top 10 drug testing companies" for excellent customer service and we have received TPA Accreditation from the National Drug and Alcohol Screening Association. We are active in all drug testing industry associations and our staff are trained and certified as drug and alcohol testing specialists.

Important Links

National Drug and Alcohol Screening Association (https://ndasa.com/)

National Drug Free Workplace Alliance (https://www.ndwa.org/)

Substance Abuse Program Administrators Association (https://www.sapaa.com/)

Substance Abuse Mental Health Safety Administration (https://www.samhsa.gov/)

US Drug Enforcement Administration (https://www.dea.gov/)

Office of Drug alcohol Policy Control (https://www.transportation.gov/odapc)

DNA Testing

DNA Testing Birmingham

Paternity DNA Testing Immigration DNA Testing Relationship DNA Testing

Accredited Drug Testing Inc (ADT) provides DNA testing Birmingham using certified DNA collection specialists and nationally accredited AABB Laboratories for all DNA testing Birmingham needs which will insure the highest accuracy for DNA testing Birmingham results. DNA testing Birmingham centers are usually located within minutes of your home or office and the entire process to schedule and conduct a DNA test is Fast, Easy and Confidential.

To schedule a DNA testing Birmingham location call (800) 221-4291.

Accredited Drug Testing provides DNA testing in all cities throughout the State and in the event the parties for the DNA test are located in different cities or States, Accredited Drug Testing will coordinate and schedule all of the DNA tests to ensure that all parties are accommodated in a convenient manner. As an example if the mother and child are in one city, but the alleged father is in another, we will contact all parties to schedule the DNA test at a convenient location and time and report the results back to the authorized parties.

Accredited Drug Testing takes the stress, out of a stressful situation!

DNA testing Birmingham centers are available to assist you in finding the answers you need, call (800)221-4291 to schedule a DNA test appointment.

The Accredited Drug Testing, DNA testing Birmingham staff are committed to providing convenient, compassionate and confidential DNA testing Birmingham services which will give you personalized customer service and will assist you in making these very important decisions, Call (800)221-4291 and speak to a DNA specialist.

Legal or NON-Legal DNA Tests

At times persons in need of a DNA test will look for the cheapest method or a home DNA kit, however a cheap or "do it yourself" DNA test many times are not accurate or will stand a legal challenge or can successfully defend a legal challenge in a court of law. Not all laboratory's or DNA testing centers are equal. Accredited Drug Testing only uses DNA testing Birmingham qualified and certified testing centers and nationally recognized DNA testing Birmingham laboratories.

When scheduling a DNA test regardless of the purpose, Accredited Drug Testing recommends always utilizing a legal DNA test procedure for current or future use. A legal DNA test has very specific Chain of Custody test procedures which insures that the DNA test results can be used in a legal proceeding. A non-legal DNA test will provide the results, but cannot be used in any type of legal matter. When conducting a legal DNA test all parties must present a valid form of identification, photographs will be taken of all parties, legal guardian documentation and or birth certificates of any minor children may be required. These procedures for a legal DNA test insure that should the DNA test results be used in a legal proceeding, the chain of custody is carefully followed and no challenge to the results can be successfully made, that's why it's always best to schedule a legal DNA test.

DNA testing can be used for the following purposes

  • Birth Certificate Modification
  • Child Support
  • Child Custody
  • Adoption
  • Wills/Insurance
  • Immigration

DNA Paternity Testing Birmingham

A DNA test for paternity purposes determines the biological father of a child. Every human inherits specific DNA from both biological parents, half from the mother and half from the father. A DNA test examines a child's DNA pattern with that of a alleged father to determine if the child and the alleged father have the same DNA. Results of a properly administered DNA test utilizing a AABB accredited laboratory are 99.9% accurate. While DNA paternity testing maybe stressful for some parties involved, Accredited Drug Testing is committed to making the entire DNA paternity testing experience, professional, convenient, confidential and Stress Free.

Establishing a biological relationship is important and has many benefits including

  • Medical history for the child
  • Establishing legal, custodial and inheritance claims
  • Enhances the family unit and bond between father and other family members

When administering a DNA test to a child/minor, the legal guardian must be present and provide authorization for the DNA test to be conducted. The legal guardian can be the mother, father or other natural or court ordered person who has legal decision making authority over the minor child.

DNA Immigration Testing

DNA testing can be used for reasons relating to immigration and the biological relationship between a petitioner and affiliated individual. DNA immigration testing can be used for paternity tests, maternity tests, sibling relationship and other purposes required by the U.S Department of State. Accredited Drug Testing will coordinate the entire process, including scheduling the DNA test for parties located in the United States and forward the DNA collection kit to the U.S Embassy located in a foreign country where the other party is located. Once the DNA collection has occurred at one of our testing centers in the U.S and at the U.S Embassy where the other parties are located, Accredited Drug Testing will ensure that all specimens are sent to the lab for DNA testing and provide the results once the AABB laboratory has analyzed the DNA test.

What is a DNA test?

A DNA test is a procedure to determine if exact biological characteristics exist in one person's DNA and those exact same DNA characteristics in another person's DNA makeup. As humans each of us have different DNA makeup, however parents and children have the same DNA, siblings from the same parents have the same DNA and grandparents have the same DNA as grandchildren. A DNA test is a non-intrusive procedure usually utilizing a oral swab from all parties, which then follows a specific chain of custody process in which the oral swab specimens are sent to a certified and accredited AABB laboratory. The Laboratory than analyzes the DNA specimen and provides the results. DNA test results are 99.9% accurate.

AABB Laboratory Accreditation information - Click Here

How to schedule a DNA Testing Birmingham?

It's simple, contact Accredited Drug Testing at (800)221-4291, and provide various information including the city you wish to take the DNA test, who will be taking the DNA test, mother, child and alleged father. When the parties are available to take the DNA test (Accredited Drug Testing will schedule the appointment with each available party). Once the results are received from the AABB laboratory Accredited Drug Testing will forward the results by email and U.S Mail (Hard Copy) to all authorized parties.

How long does it take for DNA test results?

Once all parties have completed the DNA test collection, the specimens are immediately sent to the certified AABB laboratory and results are usually available in 3-5 business days.

On-Site/Mobile DNA Testing Birmingham

We come to you!, Accredited Drug Testing can provide on-site/mobile DNA testing at your home, office, hospital or other location. (Additional on-site fees may apply)

2124 4TH AVE S 0.7 miles

2124 4TH AVE S
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35233
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

3221 3RD AVE S 1.0 miles

3221 3RD AVE S
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35222
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

1500 4TH AVE S 1.1 miles

1500 4TH AVE S
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35233
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

2700 10TH AVE S BLDG 2 STE 103 1.3 miles

2700 10TH AVE S BLDG 2 STE 103
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35205
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

616 9TH ST S 1.7 miles

616 9TH ST S
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35233
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

1201 11TH AVE S STE 100 1.8 miles

1201 11TH AVE S STE 100
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35205
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

3001 27TH ST N 2.3 miles

3001 27TH ST N
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35207
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

701 PRINCETON AVE SW 2.9 miles

701 PRINCETON AVE SW
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35211
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

1919 28TH AVE S STE 123 2.9 miles

1919 28TH AVE S STE 123
HOMEWOOD, AL 35209
Categories: HOMEWOOD AL

833 PRINCETON AVE SW 2.9 miles

833 PRINCETON AVE SW
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35211
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

7 OFFICE PARK CIR 3.5 miles

7 OFFICE PARK CIR
MOUNTAIN BROOK, AL 35223
Categories: MOUNTAIN BROOK AL

2757 GREEN SPRINGS HWY 3.7 miles

2757 GREEN SPRINGS HWY
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35209
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

800 MONTCLAIR RD 4.0 miles

800 MONTCLAIR RD
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35213
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

2018 BROOKWOOD Medical Center Dr STE G2 4.2 miles

2018 BROOKWOOD Medical Center Dr STE G2
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35209
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

513 Brookwood Blvd, Suite 506, Brookwood Medical Plaza 4.2 miles

513 Brookwood Blvd, Suite 506, Brookwood Medical Plaza
Birmingham, AL 35209
Categories: Birmingham AL

200 MONTGOMERY HWY STE 100 4.7 miles

200 MONTGOMERY HWY STE 100
VESTAVIA, AL 35216
Categories: VESTAVIA AL

1 W LAKESHORE DR STE 301 4.9 miles

1 W LAKESHORE DR STE 301
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35209
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

2038 SPRINGDALE LN 5.1 miles

2038 SPRINGDALE LN
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35217
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

920 S 18th St Ste B 5.2 miles

920 S 18th St Ste B
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35205
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

110 Oxmoor Ct 6.0 miles

110 Oxmoor Ct
Birmingham, AL 35209
Categories: Birmingham AL

1360 MONTGOMERY HWY STE 114 6.5 miles

1360 MONTGOMERY HWY STE 114
VESTAVIA, AL 35216
Categories: VESTAVIA AL

1664 FORESTDALE BLVD 6.6 miles

1664 FORESTDALE BLVD
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35214
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

5410 HIGHWAY 280 STE 100 6.8 miles

5410 HIGHWAY 280 STE 100
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35242
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

9232 PARKWAY E 7.4 miles

9232 PARKWAY E
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35206
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

6554 AARON ARONOV DR 7.7 miles

6554 AARON ARONOV DR
FAIRFIELD, AL 35064
Categories: FAIRFIELD AL

721 GADSDEN HWY 8.6 miles

721 GADSDEN HWY
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35235
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

3321 LORNA RD STE 6 8.7 miles

3321 LORNA RD STE 6
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35216
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

5569 GROVE BLVD STE 121 8.8 miles

5569 GROVE BLVD STE 121
HOOVER, AL 35226
Categories: HOOVER AL

1680 MONTGOMERY HWY 8.8 miles

1680 MONTGOMERY HWY
HOOVER, AL 35216
Categories: HOOVER AL

1678 MONTGOMERY HWY STE 104 8.9 miles

1678 MONTGOMERY HWY STE 104
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35216
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

919 Odum Rd 9.0 miles

919 Odum Rd
GARDENDALE, AL 35071
Categories: GARDENDALE AL

48 MEDICAL PARK DR STE 250 9.5 miles

48 MEDICAL PARK DR STE 250
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35235
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

2146 CENTENNIAL DR 9.6 miles

2146 CENTENNIAL DR
HOOVER, AL 35216
Categories: HOOVER AL

101 MISSIONARY RDG STE 100 10.0 miles

101 MISSIONARY RDG STE 100
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35242
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

2244 NORTH RD 10.9 miles

2244 NORTH RD
GARDENDALE, AL 35071
Categories: GARDENDALE AL

2500 SOUTHLAKE PARK 11.2 miles

2500 SOUTHLAKE PARK
HOOVER, AL 35244
Categories: HOOVER AL

5892 TRUSSVILLE CROSSING PKWY 11.4 miles

5892 TRUSSVILLE CROSSING PKWY
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35235
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

232 PARKWAY DR SW 12.3 miles

232 PARKWAY DR SW
LEEDS, AL 35094
Categories: LEEDS AL

153 NARROWS PKWY STE 202 13.1 miles

153 NARROWS PKWY STE 202
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35242
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

5890 VALLEY RD STE 200 13.2 miles

5890 VALLEY RD STE 200
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35235
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

151 NARROWS PKWY STE 110 13.4 miles

151 NARROWS PKWY STE 110
BIRMINGHAM, AL 35242
Categories: BIRMINGHAM AL

4360 MAIN ST 13.6 miles

4360 MAIN ST
PINSON, AL 35126
Categories: PINSON AL

709 MEMORIAL DR 14.8 miles

709 MEMORIAL DR
BESSEMER, AL 35022
Categories: BESSEMER AL

995 9TH AVE SW 14.8 miles

995 9TH AVE SW
BESSEMER, AL 35022
Categories: BESSEMER AL

919 MEDICAL CENTER DR 14.9 miles

919 MEDICAL CENTER DR
BESSEMER, AL 35022
Categories: BESSEMER AL

2970 PELHAM PKWY 15.4 miles

2970 PELHAM PKWY
PELHAM, AL 35124
Categories: PELHAM AL

3143 PELHAM PKWY STE 100 16.1 miles

3143 PELHAM PKWY STE 100
PELHAM, AL 35124
Categories: PELHAM AL

Via Nicolo de Conti 3 16.4 miles

Via Nicolo de Conti 3
Monselice, KS 35043
Categories: Monselice KS

4917 PROMENADE PKWY STE 107 17.0 miles

4917 PROMENADE PKWY STE 107
BESSEMER, AL 35022
Categories: BESSEMER AL

4810 BELL HILL RD 17.2 miles

4810 BELL HILL RD
BESSEMER, AL 35022
Categories: BESSEMER AL

4760 EASTERN VALLEY RD STE 102 17.5 miles

4760 EASTERN VALLEY RD STE 102
MC CALLA, AL 35111
Categories: MC CALLA AL

2701 MOODY PKWY 18.0 miles

2701 MOODY PKWY
MOODY, AL 35004
Categories: MOODY AL

120 COLONIAL PROMENADE PKWY 20.1 miles

120 COLONIAL PROMENADE PKWY
ALABASTER, AL 35007
Categories: ALABASTER AL

3151 CREWS LANE 21.2 miles

3151 CREWS LANE
LINCOLN, AL 35096
Categories: LINCOLN AL

Handy Resources

Comprehensive Online Resources for Drug Testing

  1. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

    Provides comprehensive information on drug testing and its role in substance use disorder treatment.

  2. FDA: Drug Testing

    Explains the FDA's role and regulations concerning drug testing for consumers.

  3. PDR.net

    Provides detailed drug information and safety updates through a mobile-friendly platform.

  4. BeSafeRx - FDA

    Resource by the FDA to help consumers identify and choose safe online pharmacies.

  5. SAMHSA: Drug Testing Resources for the Workplace

    Resources and guidelines for drug testing in the workplace.

  6. Drugs.com

    Provides drug information, side effects, and interactions for consumers and professionals.

  7. Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST)

    Online version of the DAST to help individuals assess whether they have a drug problem.

  8. Merck Manuals

    Consumer-friendly medical resource providing comprehensive information on a wide array of health topics, including drug testing.

  9. SAMHSA Store

    Provides access to resources and publications on substance use prevention and treatment.

  10. National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP)

    Information on state boards of pharmacy and regulations, including those related to drug testing.

  11. CDC: Workplace Health Promotion

    CDC's resources on substance use and drug testing in the workplace.

  12. Mayo Clinic: Drug Testing

    General information about the procedures and types of drug tests.

  13. MedlinePlus: Drug Testing

    Offers information about various drug tests and their uses in medical diagnosis and treatment.

  14. University of Rochester Medical Center Health Encyclopedia

    Provides a detailed entry on drug testing, including how tests are conducted and what they detect.

  15. World Health Organization (WHO)

    International guidelines and information on public health, including substance abuse and drug testing.

  16. Healthline: Drug Testing

    Consumer health site offering information on how drug tests work and what they look for.

  17. WebMD: Drug Testing

    Provides a patient-oriented overview of drug testing and its purposes.

  18. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

    Provides a vast database of scientific studies, including research on drug testing and its effectiveness.

AI Overview

Overview of DNA Testing

DNA testing is a sophisticated scientific method used to analyze genetic material from an individual to discover genetic information that can influence health, ancestry, and personal characteristics. It has revolutionized fields such as medicine, forensics, and genealogy by providing deep insights into genetic backgrounds and health predispositions.

Common Types of DNA Testing

  • Medical Genetic Testing: Identifies changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins to confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person's chance of developing or passing on a genetic disorder.
  • Ancestral DNA Testing: Analyzes DNA to provide insights into one’s ethnic background and ancestral origins, often revealing geographical and migratory histories of ancestors.
  • Forensic DNA Testing: Focuses on identifying individuals based on their unique genetic makeup for criminal investigations or legal matters such as paternity tests.

Benefits of DNA Testing

DNA testing offers a range of benefits:

  1. Enhanced Medical Understanding: Helps in understanding genetic diseases and can lead to more effective treatment and prevention strategies.
  2. Personal Ancestry Insights: Provides a deeper understanding of one's roots and personal history related to ethnic groups and migration patterns.
  3. Assistance in Forensic Investigations: Essential in solving crimes, identifying perpetrators or victims, and resolving civil disputes.

Challenges and Considerations in DNA Testing

While DNA testing provides valuable insights, it comes with challenges:

  • Ethical Issues: Genetic testing raises ethical questions, particularly concerning privacy, consent, and the right to not know genetic information.
  • Accuracy and Interpretation: Results can sometimes be inconclusive or misinterpreted, requiring careful consideration and potentially further testing.
  • Psychological Impact: Discovering genetic information can be distressing and have significant emotional impacts on individuals and families.

Choosing the Right DNA Test

When considering a DNA test, it is important to:

  1. Select the Appropriate Test: Choose a test that suits your specific needs, whether for health, ancestry, or legal purposes.
  2. Consider Privacy Policies: Understand how your genetic information will be used, stored, and shared.
  3. Seek Professional Guidance: Consult healthcare professionals or genetic counselors to help interpret results accurately and responsibly.

In conclusion, DNA testing offers profound insights but requires careful consideration of ethical issues, potential emotional impacts, and the challenges of dealing with complex genetic information. With the right approach and professional support, it can provide invaluable benefits.

ScheduleButton CityPagesV2 300x88

When you need a test, choose the best!

Alcohol Testing Birmingham, AL Services

(800) 221-4291

For more information regarding the effects of drug abuse - Click Here

For more information on a drug free work place - Click Here

Local Area Info: Birmingham, Alabama

Birmingham (/?b??rm??hæm/ BUR-ming-ham) is a city located in the north central region of the U.S. state of Alabama. With an estimated 2017 population of 210,710, it is the most populous city in Alabama. Birmingham is the seat of Jefferson County, Alabama's most populous and fifth largest county. As of 2017, the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 1,149,807, making it the most populous in Alabama and 49th-most populous in the United States. Birmingham serves as an important regional hub and is associated with the Deep South, Piedmont, and Appalachian regions of the nation.

Birmingham was founded in 1871, during the post-Civil War Reconstruction era, through the merger of three pre-existing farm towns, most notably Elyton. The new city was named for Birmingham, England, the UK's second largest city and, at the time, a major industrial city. The Alabama city annexed smaller neighbors and developed as an industrial center, based on mining, the new iron and steel industry, and rail transport. Most of the original settlers who founded Birmingham were of English ancestry. The city was developed as a place where cheap, non-unionized immigrant labor (primarily Irish and Italian), along with African-American labor from rural Alabama, could be employed in the city's steel mills and blast furnaces, giving it a competitive advantage over unionized industrial cities in the Midwest and Northeast.:14

From its founding through the end of the 1960s, Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the southern United States. Its growth from 1881 through 1920 earned it nicknames such as "The Magic City" and "The Pittsburgh of the South". Its major industries were iron and steel production. Major components of the railroad industry, rails and railroad cars, were manufactured in Birmingham. Since the 1860s, the two primary hubs of railroading in the "Deep South" have been Birmingham and Atlanta. The economy diversified in the latter half of the 20th century. Banking, telecommunications, transportation, electrical power transmission, medical care, college education, and insurance have become major economic activities. Birmingham ranks as one of the largest banking centers in the U.S. Also, it is among the most important business centers in the Southeast.

Show Regional Data

Population (total): Population in 2017: 210,710 (99% urban, 1% rural). >Population change since 2000: -13.2%

Population (female): 110,183

Median Rent: Median gross rent in 2017: $790.

Cost of Living: March 2019 cost of living index in Birmingham: 86.7 (less than average, U.S. average is 100)

Poverty (overall): Percentage of residents living in poverty in 2017: 25.4%

Sex Offenders: According to our research of Alabama and other state lists, there were 635 registered sex offenders living in Birmingham, Alabama as of January 18, 2021. The ratio of all residents to sex offenders in Birmingham is 335 to 1.>

Median Incomes:
      Estimated median household income in 2017: $33,553 (it was $26,735 in 2000)
      Estimated per capita income in 2017: $22,914 (it was $15,663 in 2000)
      Estimated median house or condo value in 2017: $87,800 (it was $62,200 in 2000) Birmingham:$87,800AL:$141,300

Races:
      Black alone - 153,116 - 72.2%
      White alone - 47,928 - 22.6%
      Hispanic - 7,598 - 3.6%
      Asian alone - 2,086 - 1.0%
      Two or more races - 1,993 - 0.9%
      American Indian alone - 316 - 0.1%
      Other race alone - 304 - 0.1%
      Native Hawaiian and Other
>Pacific Islander alone - 36 - 0.02%

From its founding through the end of the 1960s, Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the southern United States. Its rapid growth from 1881 through 1920 earned it the nicknames "The Magic City" and "The Pittsburgh of the South". Its major industries were iron and steel production. Major components of the railroad industry, rails and railroad cars, were manufactured in Birmingham. Since the 1860s, the two primary hubs of railroading in the "Deep South" have been Birmingham and Atlanta. The economy diversified in the latter half of the 20th century. Banking, telecommunications, transportation, electrical power transmission, medical care, college education, and insurance have become major economic activities. Birmingham ranks as one of the largest banking centers in the U.S. Also, it is among the most important business centers in the Southeast.

(800) 221-4291